Removable grinding lining for jordan engines



April 7, 1953 H. D. STUCK REMOVABLE GRINDING LINING FOR JORDAN ENGINESFiled Nov. 27, 1948 2 SHEETS-SHEET l a M I NM IN V EN TOR.

ATTORNEYS April 7, 1953 H. D. STUCK- REMOVABLE GRINDING LINING FORJORDAN ENGINES 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Filed Nov. 27, 1948 ill guunuuu F HINVENTOR.

ATTORNE YJ Patented Apr. 7, 1953 REMOVABLE GRINDING LINING FOR JORDANENGINES Harold D. Stuck, Andover, Mass, assignor to John W. Bolton &Sons, Inc., Lawrence, Mass, a corporation of Massachusetts ApplicationNovember 27, 1948,;Serial No. 62,297

8 Claims.

- This invention relates to the type of Jordan engines in which insteadof knives, bars, and separators, the shell and the plug are bothprovided with abrasive grinding members between which the stock travelsand by which the stock is'ground. x

The purpose of this device is to provide Jordan plugs and shells withreplaceable and removable grinding or abrasive members, preferablysupported in pockets formed on-a stainless steel backing, such membersbeing sticks of a suitable abrasive material which can beslipped end toend into such pockets formed longitudinally along'the inside of theconical face of a Jordan shell'or along the outside of the conical faceor jacket of a Jordan plug, such pockets being formed by fences, thesides of which converge laterally or radially from base to apex whilethe void spaces between such pockets converge longitudinally or axiallyfrom the large to the small end but diverge laterally or radially. 1Thersticks of abrasive material can be slipped into these pockets, andare then preferably held in place by an alloy or metal of relatively lowfusibility such as Cerro-Matrix, a .lead and bismuth alloy, withantimony which melts at less than 400 Fah., and is .poured in betweenthe grinding member sticks and the side fences of each pocket.

When it is desired to replace the sticks, the fusible material is meltedout and the sticks are removed and replaced by others. Preferably thesesticks are of a special shape, having substantially straight sides witha narrow waist between top and bottom bulges of different widths.

In some cases, the fences and sticks can be of other shapes and adifferent holding material can be used.

The assembly can be made new and complete as a plug jacket or shelllining and an old plug or shell can be repaired by turning down isconvex or concave surface, if necessary, and then slipping on or in acompleteassembled jacket or lining, preferably all of stainless steel,with longitudinal fences forming pockets with braces between thepockets.

A lining for a shell or'j'acket for a plug can be forced into a shell oronto a plug after the usual bars, knives and separators have merely beenremoved without turning down the body of the plug or shell, as acomplete lining of-my construction can be pushed into a shell or pulledonto 'alplug of certain types as will be explained. There are twoprincipal advantages-to my de- 2 vice. Any of the bodily removable shelllinings or plug jackets made up of knives and separators can be replacedby a bodily removable grinding lining or jacket of my construction orvice versa so that thereby the respective linings or jackets areinterchangeable. In addition the knives and separators of manynon-bodily-removable linings or jackets can be removedand replaced by abodily removable grinding lining or jacket. I

When the grinding or abrasive members wear down to an inefficientcondition, thelining or jacket assembly can be removed, the metal of lowfusibility can be melted and run off, new grinding members put in placeandset or fixed in place by pouring in more fusible metal.

The sticks are slightly spiralled rather than parallel with the axis ofthe plug or shell so that the grinding surface of each line of sticksheld between two parallel fences will be twisted rather than in the sameflat plane. This gives a scissors shearing effect much desired andprevents stoppages due to seizing or locking of the members.

The fences are substantially parallel, although they may conveniently beslightly spiral and the sticks preferably, as a long grinding unit, willhave a greater spiral.

However, both fences and sticks may be in planes which run through theaxis of the Jordan.

The grinding or abrasive member of my device are of greater height thanthe fences in order that the plug may be moved longitudinally as thesurfaces wear down without danger of the adjacent free edges of themetal fences on lining and jacket coming in contact with each other.

The braces between the fences of my device are circumferential andlocated in the voids between pockets. In this position they act as damsto interrupt the flow of the stock as is desirable during the grindingoperation,'to prevent a fsluicing action and to insure that all thestock is ground. These dams are importantbecause the voids are channels,between fences, which diverge. from the small to the large end and. thecentrifugal pump action of the rapidly revolving plug would tend tocreate too much flow longitudinally, and not enough flow of the stockbetween the working faces of the grind ing members of the plug andshell. These dams and the spiral arrangements of the pocketsand of thesticks partly counteract such sluicing" tendency.

The sticks are roughly of keystone shape in crosssection, with all partscurved to avoid breakage and with a narrow grinding face and a broadgrinding face. The wide face forms the outer grinding surface of theplug jacket and the narrow face forms the inner grinding surface of theshell lining to achieve a balanced grinding and causing both jacket andlining to wear out eveninly both radially and longitudinally. Only onesize of stick is necessary for both shell lining and plug jacket, thuslowering repair and manufacturing cost.

My bodily removable linings in any form can take the place of thepresent solid grinding linings which are cast or moulded and then turnedto size. These solid grinding linings are very expensive and if such anold type of lining is of the wrong material or has flaws, it must be entirely thrown away and replaced by a new lining while all or some of thegrinding sticks or members of my linings can be replaced, interchangedor the old sticks can be removed and new ones of a different consistencycan be put in their place.

Moreover my complete lining can be substituted for another of the samekind but with different sticks or, as stated, for a lining of metal barsand separators.

The holding material should be of a kind to shrink as little as possiblewhen hardening. My preferred type of abrasive stick for my grindinmembers is made with straight sides and a narrow waist between bulges ofdifferent widths which can be extruded and used in the plug or shell, Ibelieve such a reversible stick is new and patentable as an article ofmerchandise as well as the complete removable lining including suchsticks or sticks of other shapes, each stick having a rib, ribs, orother projections or recesses on one or both sides to form holding meansfor fusible metal.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is an isometric diagram from the large end of ashell lining showing unfilled pockets between the fences.

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of a plug partly in section with aplug jacket having pockets between the fences filled with grindingmembers and also showing how my attaching ring draws the jacket onto aplug.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a shell lining in a shell withgrinding members in the pockets. It also shows one of the holes for abolt, not shown, by which the lining is fixed in place inside a Jordanshell.

Fig. 4 is a side elevational view of a plug jacket with the grindingmembers in place in the pockets. It also shows the preferred angularrelation of the fences to the axis of the lining.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view similar to Fig. 1, illustrating thepreferred angular displacement of the fences in a shell and with dottedlines indicating that a shell may be lined with a plurality of liningsections.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary diagrammatic partly sectional View showing therelation between the grinding members on the plug jacket and in theshell lining when fixed in place and after the top and bottom faces areturned down.

Fig. '7 is an isometric view of two of my grinding sticks end to end asthey are in a pocket to form a grinding member before the fusible metalis poured into the pocket and with the final shape of the facesdiagrammatically indicated by dotted lines after the members are turneddown in the complete lining assembly.

Fig. 81 is a fragmentary transverse sectional elevation showing how myjacket or lining can be 4 slipped on over a slotted plug of a well knowntype.

Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional view at the end of a stick of amodified form in place with the fences, filling and backing shown insection.

Fig. 10 is a transverse sectional view similar to Fig. 8 of a modifiedtype of fences, pocket and grinding member.

Fig. 11 is an end elevational view of part of a plug jacket or liningshowing the dams forming a pulling ring and studs or bolts.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary sectional view on a plane through the axis of aplug such as shown in Fig. 8, showing the pulling ring, studs, nuts anddisk at the large end of such a plug but exaggerating thefl-at faces andedges.

This alsoshows how the jacket protects the whole of the plug surface andthe slots from wear so that the jacket can be removed and the old or newbars can be reinstalled with new separators.

Fig.1 is an isometric diagram of a shelllining before it is filled withan inside concave surface La large end 2, and a small end 3.

What I will call-an inside grindinglining for a shell .8 has a backing Fas doesalso an outside grinding lining or jacket to fit on a plugsuch asT or H.

In both cases there are a plurality of barsor fences B which extendlengthwise and project in nearly longitudinal planes either from theconcave side for a shell. or the convex side for a plug. In either casethe base edges 5 of the bars. are welded as at 7 to the concave orconvex face of the backing F so as to form pockets P; The base edges 5and free edges 6 of the bars B of these pockets are all substantiallyparallel with each other and the bars converge laterally to form longpockets each of which is wider atits base than at its apex or openingand there are voids V between the pockets.

As the plug and shell surfaces are conicaLthe base and free edges ofbars or fences B must be on a slight curve and preferably instead ofmaking the pockets in planes passing through the axis of the Jordan,they are made at slight longitudinal angles therewith, those of the'plugslop ing in one direction and of the shell in the opposite direction toproduce a slight spiralling which helps to create a shearing action .andto prevent seizing. See Figs. 4 and 5.

In the drawings Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of a plug T of theusual type with a surface H which is smooth and with a large end 12 anda small end 13 and with a lining or jacket assembly in place.

Preferably in the voids V are a plurality :of brace members A which arearranged in planes radial to the axis, and are welded at 8 to the faceof the backing and at 9 to the adjacent bars.

The adjacent faces of'the voids diverge'laterally while those of thepockets converge.

Having built up the holdingor permanent part of thegrinding lining orjacket, I- then introduce end to end in each pocket a plurality ofgrinding members G each of which is formed as a'stick and is made of anysuitable abrasive .material with the longitudinal lines of all top,.sideand bottom faces parallel and with a large bulge 22 and a small bulge 2|with a narrow waist 20 between them, thereby leaving a-wide grindingface 24 and a narrow grinding face 23, as see Fig. 7.

Grinding members G of this construction can be used with the wide bulge22 on theinside of a shell liningpocket so that 23 will be theopasserts:

ratingface while with a plug jacket 'or 'outside lining, the face 24 canbe outside, thereby leaving less open space in the voids.

' After the sticks Gare in position end. to end, as shown in Figs. 2 to4, a metal alloy N such as Germ-Matrix, Babbitt, or some other metal oflow'fusibiliity is pouredin to lock the sticks in position in theirrespective pockets as shown in Fi 6. r e

Preferably the backing F and the bars or fences B as well as the bracesare made of stainless steel and there is preferably formed at the largewe" r Many plugs have rings cast on them and bands shrunk onto-the ringsandin-repairing plugs, it

end of each pluga stainless steel ring indicated is necessary to turnthem down so that'the jacketcan' beslippedon and will fit. 1 i

-' In Fig. 8 is shown a detail of a plug as shown in the Bolton PatentNo. 1,829,630 of October 27th, 1931, on Paper Making Roll and Process ofCovering It," with the bars and separators shown in that patent removedand a lining or jacket assembly of my construction which takes the placeor the original bars and separators.

To hold the melted filling of fusible alloy or other such materialindicated by M and N, I provide dams 56, Figs- 3 and 4, at each end ofeach pocket. These dams cc also serve the purpose of building up endrings such as D and Di, especially for the jacket of therplug. .As shownin Fig. 11 each darn 59 is of keystone shaped metal which iswelded as at52tothe backing F and inside the ends of the adjoining bars or fences B,thus forming with the ends of the'bars a continuous ring.

The procedure is to form a backing F, preferably ofsheet metal and alsopreferably of stainless steel and to then weld the bars B to F to formpockets P and voids V and also to weld in place the brace members Awhere needed in the voids. The dam pieces 5!: are also welded to thebars at 5| and to the backing at 52 to form five sided pockets, the onesat the large end of the plugserving also as part of the pulling ring Das shown in Fig. 12.

The grinding members G are now by a sideways motion, slipped into theirrespective pockets at the top. The remaining space in each of thepockets P is then filled substantially to its top with the fusiblemelted material of relatively low fusibility and when all the pocketsare filled and the fusible material has hardened with the grinding facesof the sticks projecting above the fences L, the entire assembly F, B, Gis placed in a suitable lathe and the faces of members G, G, which areexposed are accurately out so that when on the plug, they willbe convexof the right curve, and those in the shell will be concave also of theright curve as shown by the full lines in Figs. 6, 8, 9, and dotted inFig. '7.

We find thatthe grinding members can be molded in various Ways but if ofsuitable material, they-can be extruded.

As before indicated, a cross section of the preferred shape of sticks issubstantially of keystone shape and in most cases they can be soapportioned that when assembled in a given Jordan, the actual grindingfaces between the plug and shell will have the best and most efficientareas.

which disk projects beyond the circumference being so wide that it lapsmuch over the fences A shell lining can have bolt or screw holes 30,Fig. 3, to register with the usual holes in a shell for the anchor barused inmost shells, to prevent the shell'lining from turning.

As shown in Fig. 10,- fences L, L," for each pocket can be used, eachwith a flange or holding means 4'5 extendinginwardly from each adjoiningface while the grinding members I are substantially rectangular in crosssection and have holding means shown as beads M.- 'When suitablemoltenmaterial M of low fusibility such as sulphur or babbitt is pouredbetween means 44, and 45, the

fences'and grinding members are locked together.-

The backing such as F and fences or bars B may be of desired thicknessand if strong enough, all brace members such as A can be omitted.

As the grinding material such as vitrified or baked silicon carbideknown as Carborundum. emery and'others, is inclined to be brittle, thegrinding sticks should be closely held in place by the holding materialand bars so that there will be no chance of rattlin nor free play butonly the steady abrasive action between the plug and shell.

As shown in Figs. 11 and 12, when a plug jacket is to be put in place,andthe nuts 3? on bolts or studs 36 are turned up, there will be a space55 left between them and disk K and this preferably is closed up by afilling E of the same or a similar material to that indicated by M andN.

Preferably also at the small end a rubber or, other suitable elasticring R is put in place to protect the small end of the plug. The disk' Kis actually a flat ring and preferably covers and protects the entirelarge end of the plug, the filling E2 and nuts 31 making a water tightjoint.

As shown, disk K is fastened to the plug T by cap screws 38 and as theshanks of the pulling screws 36 pass snugly through the holes 35 and areanchored to the jacket assembly, these screws serve the double purposeof creating great friction between the lining assembly and the surfaceof the plug T, and also look the lining assembly from turning on theplug.

On the type of plug H such as shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 12, where thetruncated conical face is actually polygonal being made up of many flatfaces [6 with straight edges I! between them. the pulling by screws 36slightly distorts backing F enough to increase the friction between theouter face of plug H and the jacket assembly at all theedges if theentire length of the plug so that the assembly is actually looked inplace against any normal or abnormal force.

This method of pulling a jacket or lining on a plug and looking it inplace is the subject of another application to ,be copending herewith,

. As shown in Fig. 5, a continuous ring W can be welded to the ends ofbars B and to backing F instead of dams 56 being welded between the barsas shown in Fig. 11.

The angle of the pockets and therefore of the grinding members on theplug can 'be from right 7. to. left. instead of from. left to'right, as,indicated forthe shellinFig. 5., to get a shearing action.v

If .eachxof such angles is fifteen degrees with reference to radialplanes runningthrough the axis of the linings, it will amount to thirtydegrees, shear which is roughly the angle between thev usual bent knivesof a shell and the straight bars of av plug.

The greater width of the. outer faces 2d of the plug sticks G than theinner faces 23 of the shell sticks G, see Fig. 6, might give a greatergrinding siu'face in the aggregate than in the shell except that whenstarting, .part of'the large end of the plug projects beyond the ends.of the grinding members (or knives) .in a shell and they plug is pushedin from time. totime to take, up wear.

.I claim:

1. A bodily removable lining member to fit the surface of and forattachment to the truncated conical body with a. large end and a smallend of a Jordan engine plug or shell, comprising a backingto fit suchsurface'and a plurality of pairs of metal bars forming fencesprojecting. in substantially longitudinal planes from and fastened tothe backing to. form pockets with sides which converge laterally andwith their base and freeedges all substantially parallel with eachother, the spaces between the pockets forming spaces with sides whichconverge longitudinally from the large towards the small end but divergelaterally and grinding members consisting of sticks all of the same sizeand shape of abrasive material with longitudinal sides of which all thelines are straight and parallel with each other positioned in eachpocket and fastened, in place therein.

2. A bodily removable lining member to fit surface of and for attachmentto the truncated conical body of a. Jordan engineplug or shellcomprising a backing to fit such surface and a plural ity of pairs ofmetal bars forming fences projecting in substantially longitudinalplanes from and fastened to the backing to form pockets, the spacesbetween the pockets having sides which converge longitudinally from thelarge towards the small end andgrinding members consisting of sticks allof the same size and shape of abrasive material positioned. in eachpocket and fastened in place therein so as to project therefrom.

.3. Abodily removable lining member to fit the surface of. and forattachment to the truncated conical body of a Jordan engine plugcomprising a backing-to fit such surface and a plurality .of pairs ofmetal bars forming fences projecting in substantially longitudinalplanesfrom and fastened to the backing to form pockets with Sides whichconverge laterally and with their base and free edges all substantiallyparallel with each other, the spaces between the pockets having sideswhich converge longitudinally from the large towards the small end butdiverge laterally, and grinding members consisting of sticks of abrasivematerial positioned in each pocket and fastened in place therein byfusible metal so as to project therefrom.

4. A bodily transportable lining for the shell of a Jordan enginecomprising a frusto-conical backing, a plurality of inwardly projectingpock ets formed by pairs of fences attached to the backin spaced aroundthe inner surface of the backing in substantially spiral lines, and aplurality of elongated abrasive sticks all of the same size and shapemounted in said pockets.

5. A bodily transportable lining for the plug of a Jordan enginecomprising a frusto-conical 8. backing, a plurality of outwardlyprojecting pockets formed by pairs of fences attached to the backingspaced around the outer surface of the backing in substantially spirallines, and a plurality of elongated abrasive sticks all of the same sizeand shape mounted in said pockets.

6. A stick of abrasive material for use as part of a lining for a Jordanengine member formed with sides, the longitudinal lines of which are allparallel with each other, each stick being formed with a top and abottom bulge of different widths and with a narrow waist between them,the lateral cross sections of each stick being the same.

7. A Jordan engine comprising a bodily removable shell lining having aplurality of elongated axial pockets, each formed by a pair of fences.which are equally spaced longitudinally and converge laterally, thepairs of, fences being spaced around the inner surface thereof in spirallines; a bodily removable plug jacket having a plurality of elongatedaxial pockets each formed by a pair of fences which are. equally spacedlongitudinally and converge laterally, the pairs, of fences :beingspaced around the outer surface inspiral lines CI'OSSiIlg the spirallines of the pocketsv in the shell lining; and a plurality of elongatedabrasive sticks, each of a uniform cross. sectionmounted end to end insaid pockets, each stick having a broad grinding surface for use on theouter side of the jacket and a narrow grinding surface for use on theinside of the lining.

8. The combination witha Jordan engine member having a truncated conicalbody with a large end and a small end; of a bodily removable liningmember to fit the surface thereof consisting of a truncated, conicalbacking shell to fit such surface and a plurality of pairs of flat'metalbars, forming fences projecting in longitudinal planes from and fastenedto the backing to form pockets with sides which converge laterally, andwith their base and free edges all parallel to each other, the spacesbetween the pockets having sides which converge longitudinally from thelarge end towards the small end of the lining but diverge laterally; aseries of brace members arranged in planes which extendcircumferentially around the backing between the adjacent pockets andbeing fastened to the fences and to the backing; grinding membersconsisting of sticks each throughout its length of the same crosssection and made of abrasive material, each formed with bulges ofdiiferent widths at the top and at the bottom and with a narrow'waistbetween the top and bottom bulges, such sticks being positioned end toend in each pocket and fastened in place by a metal alloy between itsnarrow waist and the adjoining fence.

HAROLD D. STUCK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

